初中英语教学的准交际性活动
five differences? (Picture 1 and Picture 2略) 试比较以下两种操练方法: 方法一: 要求:师生合作或生生合作,每二人为一组,全体学生看着这二幅图画。如果有必要教师可提供个别词汇 。这样,可能出现以下对话: Teacher or Student 1:Where is the boy in Picture 1/ Picture 2? Student 2:He is on his bike in Picture 1./ He is not on his bike in Picture 2. Teacher or Student 1:Where is the man in Picture 1/ Picture 2? Student 2:He is under the (red) car in Picture 1. /He is on the (red) car in Picture 2. Teacher or Student 1:Where is the woman in Picture 1. /Picture 2? Student 2:She is in the (red) car in Picture 1. /She is behind the car in Picture 2? Teacher or Student 1:Where is the girl in Picture 1/ Picture 2? Student 2:She is under the (big) tree in Picture 1. /She is not under the tree in Picture 2. Teacher or Student 1:Where is the cat in Picture 1/ Student 2:Yes,(and)a dog is beside him. Teacher or Student 1:Where is the boy?Is he on the bike? Student 2:No,he is not on the bike.He's beside the bike. The girl is before him. Teacher or Student 1:(No)you are wrong.He's on the bike. The girl is under the tree Student 2:(Then)where is the man? Teacher or Student 1:He is under the car,the red car. Student 2:No,he is on the red car.The woman is behind th e red car.She's with/beside the man. Teacher or Student 1:That's wrong.The woman is not behin d the car.She's in the car. Student 2:What's that under the black car? Teacher or Student 1:Oh,it's a cat,a black cat.But it is on the car,not under the car. 不难看出,由于双方自由对话,各方面对学生的控制明显少于方法一,所以,对话语言灵活,句型多变, 话语表达清楚。当然,对话有可能还会再简单些,但不管怎样,在对话的整个过程中,双方都是在根据对方的 反应把信息进行加工处理后重新传递给对方,达到了各自的目的,即也达到了信息平衡。(信息差距是交际特 征之一)。 所以,与前者相比较,后者的操练形式显现了交际的部分特征,它使得教学活动与现实更加贴近。我们在 课堂教学中,不仅需要给学生操练,更需要让学生有机会用自己已掌握的语言知识来表达自己的思想。因此, 创造这样的机会既是英语教学的出发点,也是英语教学的归宿。准交际性活动正是给学生提供这样的机会。 |
